REGRESSION, EGO INSTINCTS AND TRANSFERENCE
In these chapters, Freud discusses how sexual frustration can lead to neurosis through regression and repression and how the patient can transfer his sexual conflicts onto the psychoanalyst in a process called transference. Freud claims that if the libido is not satisfied during childhood, these frustration moments can be fixated; again we see the importance of childhood and sexuality in human development. Later on in life, the individual can return to the moment of fixation, leaving the genital organization that is characteristic of the adulthood phase, and show the perverted sexual desires of childhood. In the previous chapters, Freud had introduced the concepts of libido and sexual organizations and in This chapter Freud develops them further under a very systematic approach to uncover the causes’ the hysteria. Freud believes that these external frustrations need to be accompanied by internal frustrations in order to cause neurosis. If the deviant sexuality that the individual shows is against his moral ideals, then the ego represses it; it is the repression which leads to the neurosis. It is the first time in the book that Freud explicitly writes about the role of society on human development. Since moral ideals are instilled in people by the society, in societies with strict norms the individuals are at a higher risk for neurosis as shown in the anecdotes that contrasts the landlord’s and caretaker’s daughters. After delineating the causes of neurosis, Freud attempts to discover how it can be treated. Freud thinks that telling neurotic patients to fulfill their sexual desires would not work, since the society needs libidinal sacrifice to assume its existence. Upon careful elaboration, Freud decides that the psychoanalyst should help the patient unearth his hidden desires from his unconsciousness and reflect upon them in a conscious way to come to a balance between pleasure and demands of reality. The transference of sexual desires to the psychoanalyst will help this process since the patient will almost fall in love with the psychoanalyst and confide infirm her innermost secrets. However, this transference can also in the case cannot be cured by these methods. The chapter left some questions in my mind j such as how the psychoanalyst will treat the patient without forcing his own judgment; but Freud proposes to answer them in the next chapters. In general, I found Freud’s arguments organized, strongly backed by evidence and convincing.
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Tags: EGO INSTINCTS, Freud, REGRESSION, TRANSFERENCE