However, such a moral transformation in the patient would not be effective without a social transformation. Psychoanalysis can only alleviate symptoms or delay them, since the patient learns about his repressed desires and is introduced to an alternate more flexible morality by the psychoanalyst. If the society is still as conservative, then the patient will still face a decision between satisfaction of his deviant libidinal impulses and social acceptance. In time, the ego that has gained strength and flexibility through psychoanalysis, will become rigid again through social influence so that the patient will still hold onto his high moral ideals. Since the development of ego is a social process, it is very hard for the patient to reject the moral values of his society to follow his deviant sexual desires and employ a liberated morality. Therefore, a complete cure to neurosis would not...
THE ROLE OF SOCIETY ON PSYCHE DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH, PART4
April 3rd, 2009THE ROLE OF SOCIETY ON PSYCHE DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH, PART2
April 3rd, 2009Libidinal development, in which society plays a big role, coincides with the development of the ego. According to Freud, sexual impulses are extraordinarily plastic; they can take on different forms, and if external reality does not allow one of them to be realized, the satisfaction of another can provide complete compensation. The form that these desires take, with the cathexis of the libido to a certain object or aim, is partly a result of biological growth. However, the society also plays a big role in shaping sexuality, since society is established on libidinal forces diverted from their biological aim and put to work for the continuance of society. ~ The normal libidinal development processes involve oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital phases in that order. The object of the libido is also altered during sexual development; the main sexual object is first the mother’s breast...
Chinese religion, nr5
April 3rd, 20093- In the art of the Han, representations of virtuous figures from the past were often intended to show the correct social code for behavior and set examples to the society. For example the carvings of virtuous women and filial piety on the walls of the Wu Liang Shrine all show virtuous characters who behave in an exemplary ways. The women in the pictures are chaste, obedient to their husbands, self-sacrificing and wise; they have the qualities which the Confucian society favors. Therefore they are intended to show the society how to behave. These figures are representations of social codes rather than personalized portraitures whose main purpose is to depict a person’s features. We can understand this from the lack of details and individualism in the pictures. The lacquer paintings decorating the famous basket of Lolang also illustrate figures which embody the virtue of filial piety...
Chinese religion, nr2
April 3rd, 2009l-(b) Ancestral worship was very important in Shang culture, it was the focal point of religion. Therefore the main purpose of the bronze objects during the Shang was to serve as ritual vessels and provide a means of communicating with the world of the dead ancestors. So Shang bronze ritual vessels were usually decorated with symbolic imagery related to the world of the dead like poisonous snakes and dragons symbolizing death, enigmatic elephants transcending beyond reality. While the Shang culture worships ancestral ghosts fervently, the Zhou culture honors heaven and people. In Zhou times, if a person made an achievement, he would dedicate a bronze object to an ancestor as a commemoration of his glory. So the focus moved from the ancestor for whom the sacrifice was made to the devotee who makes the sacrifice. The bronze objects became narratives and commemorations of worldly events and...
ECONOMIC PROSPERITY AND THE WAGES OF LABOUR
April 3rd, 2009ECONOMIC PROSPERITY
AND
THE WAGES OF LABOUR
In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argues that economic prosperity is the main factor in the determination of wages. This statement does not necessarily imply that wages of labour are proportional to the actual greatness of national wealth; it means that wages are the highest in the most thriving countries, even if they are not the richest. In this paper, I will discuss the mechanisms for the effect of economic prosperity on the wages of labour and will show the types of economies possible regardless of the actual richness of the country.
The nominal price of labour is dependent on two factors: the demand for labour and the price of provisions provided to the labourer in exchange for the labour. A change in the revenue and stock of a nation affects the amounts of funds destined for hiring labourers and therefore causes a change in the demand for...
Divorce
April 2nd, 2009Divorce
The American divorce rate now is almost twice than 1960s. Probability of divorce 40 and 50 percent. incidence of divorce started to increase and it more than double over
the next fifteen years to the highest point in 1980s. If we want to talk about remarry, the percentage, which was only 1.8 percent for males and 2.6 percent for females in 1960, quadrupled by the year 2000. Each year, over 1 million American children suffer the divorce of their parents; moreover, half of the children born this year to parents who are married will see their parents’ divorce before they turn 18.
Unmarried Cohabitation
The number of unmarried people has dramatically increased and it’s-still continuing. Now young Americans people prefer spend time outside marriage. From 1960s to 2004s number of unmarried couples in America increased by almost 1200 percent. For many people cohabitation is a prelude...